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The term bankruptcy comes from two Latin words and literally means “broken bench.” Under Roman law, creditors divided up the assets of a delinquent debtor, then broke the debtor’s workbench as punishment and a warning to other indebted tradesmen.


Today’s laws and changes in consumer attitude toward bankruptcy have fostered a climate in which people regard bankruptcy as a more plausible remedy for financial problems than they once did. And statistics that show marked increases in the number of personal bankruptcies seem to support this.

Biblical principles regarding bankruptcy

  • A debtor makes a commitment to pay back whatever he or she has borrowed, regardless of circumstances or how long it takes. “The wicked borrows and does not pay back, but the righteous is gracious and gives” (Psalm 37:21).
  • God’s Word is clear; a debtor is obligated to repay what has been borrowed. “It is better that you should not vow than that you should vow and not pay” (Ecclesiastes 5:5).
  • Bankruptcy should be a last alternative, not the first option. Debtors first need to try to work with creditors and be willing to make whatever sacrifices necessary to fulfill their promise to repay.
  • Scripturally, bankruptcy does not negate an agreement to repay money you have borrowed. This doesn’t mean that a debtor in a hopeless situation cannot file bankruptcy. However, other options should be tried first, such as selling major assets, liquidating retirement funds, taking on additional jobs, and working with a credit counseling service.
  • If all options have been exhausted and there is still a need to file bankruptcy, a debtor must commit to two things before filing.
  1.  
    1.  A debtor must be willing to accept the absolute requirement to live on a conservative budget and pay the debts back. In some cases, this may take an entire lifetime.
    2. The debtor’s motive must be honorable. If bankruptcy action is taken to protect the legitimate rights of the creditors, the action is biblically acceptable. But if the motive is to protect the assets of the debtor, without due consideration of the creditors, the action is unscriptural. “Do not withhold good from those to whom it is due, when it is in your power to do it. Do not say to your neighbor, ‘Go, and come back, and tomorrow I will give it,’ when you have it with you” (Proverbs 3:27-28).

God’s Word makes is clear that a vow (promise) of any kind is not to be taken lightly. Once you have given your word, it becomes a binding contract, so carefully consider the consequences before you agree to terms.

In today’s world this concept is rarely taught and seldom applied. A vow to pay a creditor is usually seen as something made under one set of circumstances and broken under another. However, God’s Word says that debtors are to be held accountable.

Our legal system may discharge debt through bankruptcy, but God’s people should repay their debts in full, even after a bankruptcy. This can be a powerful witness to a world that is cynical about Christianity making any practical difference in a person’s life. Believers are held to a higher standard than merely what is legal.

With home mortgages, school loans, and car loans, young couples today may owe more than $140,000 within the first couple of years of marriage. This may seem normal to many, but God’s Word says debt isn’t normal, especially long-term debt (see Deuteronomy 15:6; Psalm 37:21; Romans 13:8).

Become debt free

If you’re already in debt, you can break the debt cycle with desire, discipline, and time. Using these five basic steps you can become debt free and stay that way.

  1. Transfer ownership
    God forces His will on no one; you must willingly surrender your will and possessions to God. Prayerfully transfer ownership of every possession to God – money, job, time, material possessions, family, education, and future earning potential (see Psalm 8:6).

  2. Give the Lord His part
    Once you’ve transferred ownership to God, give Him the first part, the tithe of gross income. If you withhold from God, it indicates that ownership hasn’t been transferred. Give Him freedom to work unobstructed on behalf of your finances – give Him the tithe – and He can give us His best.

  3. Allow no more debt
    Don’t use any more credit or credit cards until all existing debt has been paid. Pay with cash, check, or debit card at the time of purchase. Don’t borrow any more money from institutions, family, or friends until all indebtedness (home mortgage excepted) has been satisfied.

  4. Develop a realistic budget
    You’ll need a written budget that allocates percentages of Net Spendable Income into living expense categories – including repayment of creditors. Write to each creditor with a repayment proposal, but promise only what can be paid every month. Include a financial statement and budget that shows how much will be paid to each creditor.

    If you need to generate extra funds by working overtime or on an extra job, all money generated by the extra work must go to eliminate the debt for this to be effective.

  5. Retire the debt
    Pay extra on the debts with the highest interest rates. If all interest rates are comparable, begin paying extra on the smallest balance. After that debt has been paid, apply the regular payment as well as the extra money that was going to it toward the next highest balance. After the second is paid off, then the third highest and so forth.


Conclusion
No one who is financially bound can be spiritually free. Generally speaking, if these steps are faithfully followed, the average family can usually be debt free in about five years.

Accomplishing debt freedom can produce a radical change in lifestyle and a reevaluation of family values that can help prevent similar debt situations from recurring.

Spending is a habit
Does money burn a hole in your pocket? Does buyer’s remorse set in after you have spent your money?

If this sounds familiar, how can you manage your spending so you can buy the things you need now and also save for the things you need in the future?

In order to change spending habits, people must first understand how habits are shaped and the ways spending behavior can be changed.

In essence, they must identify spending leaks that give immediate satisfaction but do not help reach financial goals and, instead, substitute desirable spending behavior that may not be immediately gratifying but will allow financial goals to be reached.

How to change the habit
Luke 16:11 says, “Therefore if you have not been faithful in the use of unrighteous wealth, who will entrust the true riches to you?”

People need to learn to handle the smallest thing God has put under their authority—their money. Therefore, if the following guidelines are followed it should help them control spending.

  1. Establish self-discipline. Put all spending under God's control. In so doing, individuals become managers of God’s finances and all spending should then be from the vantage point of whether He would be pleased with the purchase. With God’s guidance, any bad habit can be broken.

    People need to learn to recognize the drive that places them in a difficult spending situation. When they shop, they can avoid the spending pitfalls produced by that drive by having a purpose for the shopping, a time limit, and a written plan.

    Hence, they need to make a list before they go shopping and then stick to it.

    In addition, they should limit the number of trips to the store or mall and never shop when hungry or depressed.
  2. How far money goes usually depends on how badly people want something. As such, they need to be in control of the money, under God’s direction, instead of having the money control them by limiting what they do.

    Once spending has been brought under control, there should be a determination of how much needs to be spent each month in every area of an implemented budget; and, since the basic idea behind budgeting is to save money up front for both known and unknown expenses, there must be a commitment to stick to the budget.

    If people are having difficulty with income equaling outgo, they need to cut some of their outgo. As such, they should look at their budgets realistically and see where they can start trimming.

    A budget is a money plan. With it, people can organize and control their financial resources, set and realize goals, and decide in advance how money will work for the good of the family.

    Therefore, because every purchase should be considered in light of the established budget, buying any non-budgeted items on impulse should be avoided, especially if those non-budgeted items will need to be purchased with a credit card.
  3. People need to be accountable to other persons for a specified period of time for everything they spend. Ecclesiastes 4:9,10 says, “Two are better than one because they have a good return for their labor. For if either of them falls, the one will lift up his companion. But woe to the one who falls when there is not another to lift him up.”

    If there is accountability, people will be more inclined to be cautious in their spending habits—a look now, buy later attitude.

    So, shop around before buying and learn to say no. Keep a record of spending and purchases and share these with the accountability partner.
  4. Establish a want-to-buy list. Whenever people feel they need to buy something that is not budgeted, they should put it on the list. They should wait seven days and find two additional prices for the same item, to be sure they are getting a good buy.

    If they still want the item after a week has passed, they will have thought about it and probably will be getting the best buy on the item. However, they still should not charge it.

    Finally, people can have only one item on the list at a time, so if they find new “wants” during the week, they will have to decide between the two.

Conclusion
A good way to reduce debt is to develop discipline in spending habits. That may include taking away any security that might be used in case of emergencies: credit cards or other avenues of borrowing.

By committing not to go further in debt, people begin to reverse the process that produced the debt. Then, they can develop a balanced budget that will control spending and will allow them to stay within the parameters of their financial means.

 
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Debt

No one who is financially bound can be spiritually free, and the effect of debt on marriage is evident in the statistics of failed marriages. Being debt free is still God’s plan for His people.

What is debt?

  • Debt is something owed. God doesn’t say we can’t borrow, but He warns against surety – debt without a sure way to repay. If collateral is used to cover the balance owed in case of default, then the loan isn’t surety.

  • But most debt in America is surety – with inadequate collateral to satisfy the loan agreement.

  • Debt isn’t credit. Credit establishes a mutual trust between lender and borrower. But undisciplined use of credit can quickly lead to debt

Credit

  • Establish – Today, almost anyone qualifies for a credit card, although the limit may be the minimum.

  • Cancel – To cancel a credit card, the account must not be delinquent. Send a letter to the issuing bank and request that your account be cancelled. Credit cards belong to the issuing bank, so cut the cards in half and return them with your letter.


Causes of debt

  • Ignorance. Most people aren’t trained to handle money. Today’s attitude is: If you want it, get it, you deserve it – if you haven’t the money, charge it.

  • Indulgence. Americans tend to feel that we should get what we want, when we want it, and the concept of saving to buy something seems an alien concept.

  • Poor planning. Without a written plan that measures and monitors income versus expense, you’ll eventually find yourself having financial troubles.


Get out of debt
“The prudent sees the evil and hides himself, but the naïve go on, and are punished for it” (Proverbs 22:3).

  • Give to God first. Your first commitment should be the tithe from your gross income.

  • Stop borrowing. This means credit cards, loans from banks or family – all consumer credit.

  • Develop a balanced budget. A balanced budget is the primary tool for managing family money.

  • Develop a pay-back plan with creditors. Most will work with those who want to repay them.

  • Learn to trust God. God knows what you need, so begin to trust Him – wait for God’s provision.

  • Exercise self-discipline. Curb impulses to buy. If it isn’t budgeted, don’t buy it.

  • Seek wise counsel. You may require help to establish and maintain a budget and work with creditors.

  • Rely on God’s Word. Base financial decisions on the principles of God’s Word, not the world’s advice.

If you are in debt, you’re bound to creditors and not free to serve God to the utmost. Decide now to get out of debt and stay out. With God’s help and your discipline, you can become debt free and stay that way.

During the past decade in America, inflation has dropped steadily, unemployment numbers are the lowest of any 10-year period within the past century, and the stock market hit highs that were unimaginable two decades ago.

In other words, over the last 10 years we have experienced unrestricted economic prosperity—a decade in which deficits, debts, and interest payments apparently did not matter and millionaires seemed to emerge (at least on paper) overnight.

Nevertheless, in the very midst of this decade of unprecedented affluence, business and personal bankruptcy reached an all time high, and personal indebtedness exploded to almost $2 trillion. This translates into an average consumer debt load of over $14,000 per family in America.

This debt load in turn has spawned among Christians unequaled discouragement and a sense of hopelessness, marriage difficulties, and fear and dread of the future.

So, why such a paradox? Why do Christians have so much fear and discouragement when, generally speaking, they are more affluent now than at any other time in the history of America?

Discouragement
Discouragement is one of many symptoms associated with financial problems.

Although sometimes discouragement is caused by financial situations directly, all too often Christians become discouraged because they have adjusted their expectations to what everyone else around them expects, rather than what God expects of them.

These Christians suffer from unrealistic expectations of what God promised (see James 1:2).

They put subtle pressures on each other to achieve success as a testimony to the Lord’s blessing in their lives. Some believe that the failure to achieve success must represent spiritual failure.

What a defeating philosophy to think that Christians should never have problems or to think that we are being punished by God when we do have problems!

Paul was a man of God who was constantly presented with new challenges and surrounded by problems (see 2 Corinthians 11:23-28). However, it was his attitude and constant focus upon God that always caused him to triumph in Christ.

Throughout the Word of God are recorded incidences, like the case of the imprisonment of Paul and Silas, when God miraculously delivered His servants from impossible situations, but not before they first had to be subjected to the pressures of those situations.

Many Christians very well may be finding themselves in similar situations. However, in the midst of those situations God will respond.

His response will be subject to His timetable, not necessarily dependent on either our desires or our needs. “I know the plans that I have for you. . . plans for welfare and not for calamity to give you a future and a hope. Then you will call upon Me and come and pray to Me, and I will listen to you. You will seek Me and find Me when you search for Me with all your heart” (Jeremiah 29:11-13).

Although we as Christians often have to go through trials that seem unbearable, it is during those times that God’s grace and comfort will never leave us and our prayers will never be ignored.

In 1572, John Knox, the great Scottish reformer, became a victim of Queen Mary’s burning stake because he would not recant his nonconformist stand for Christ. As the flames ascended around him he cried out with a loud voice, “When I was young and now that I am old, my Savior has never failed my need nor made deaf my prayers at the time that I needed Him most.”

So, as John well knew, God will answer. It may not be at the exact time that we think it should be or when we want it, but He will not turn a deaf ear to our prayers.

Sometimes God changes our circumstances and delivers miraculously, as in the case of Paul and Silas; at other times He does not deliver but, rather, He changes our perspective of those circumstances and gives the strength to endure, as He did for John Knox.

Trust in the Lord
God may desire to change the whole situation tomorrow, but before any changes are made, or whether any changes are made, He desires for us to trust in Him.

Acceptance of the direction our Heavenly Father desires to give will enable all who are discouraged to “enter that rest” spoken of in Hebrews 4 and promised by Jesus. "Peace I leave with you; My peace I give to you; not as the world gives do I give to you. Do not let your heart be troubled, nor let it be fearful” (John 14:27).

Christians should be encouraged to cling to the Lord during difficult and discouraging times. Proverbs 18:10 says, “The name of the Lord is a strong tower; the righteous runs into it and is safe.”

As we depend on Him and allow Him to direct us through our most discouraging situations, He can provide protection against disappointment, bitterness, anger, and an unforgiving spirit.

When we find ourselves in a position of weakness, that is when God can demonstrate His real strength (see 2 Corinthians 12:10). God is not merely an observer of our lives; He is a participant. “When you pass through the waters, I will be with you; and through the rivers, they will not overflow you. When you walk through the fire, you will not be scorched, nor will the flame burn you. For I am the Lord your God, the Holy One of Israel, your Savior” (Isaiah 43:2,3).

Conclusion
Regardless of what we have been through or what we will have to go through, our Lord is there alongside of us. God shows Himself faithful in all situations regardless of the circumstances, but it may not always be in the manner we prefer.

As we surrender our rights to Him, He will show His favor. If we place ourselves at His disposal, He will meet our needs and guide us along His paths.

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